Events

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Professor Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos

School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Queen's University of Belfast, UK

When:Nov 12,2015, 10:30AM

Where:E & CS Auditorium, First Floor

What:New Approaches to Energy-Efficient and Resilient HPC

Email:d.nikolopoulos@qub.ac.uk

Homepage: http://www.cs.qub.ac.uk/~D.Nikolopoulos/

ABSTRACT

This talk explores new and unconventional directions towards improving the energy-efficiency of HPC systems. Taking a workload-driven approach, we explore micro-servers with programmable accelerators; non-volatile main memory; workload auto-scaling and structured approximate computing. Our research in these has achieved significant gains in energy-efficiency while meeting application-specific QoS targets. The talk also reflects on a number of UK and European efforts to create a new energy-efficient and disaggregated ICT ecosystem for data analytics.

Bio: Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos is Professor in the School of EEECS, at Queen's University of Belfast and a Royal Society Wolfson Research Fellow. He holds the Chair in High Performance and Distributed Computing and directs the HPDC Research Cluster, a team of 20 academic and research staff. His research explores scalable computing systems for data-driven applications and new computing paradigms at the limits of performance, power and reliability. Dimitrios received the NSF CAREER Award, the DOE CAREER Award, and the IBM Faculty Award during an eight-year tenure in the United States. He has also been awarded the SFI-DEL Investigator Award, a Marie Curie Fellowship, a HiPEAC Fellowship, and seven Best Paper Awards including some from the leading IEEE and ACM conferences in HPC, such as SC, PPoPP, and IPDPS. His research has produced over 150 top-tier outputs and has received extensive (£10.6m as PI/£39.5m as CoI) and highly competitive research funding from the NSF, DOE, EPSRC, SFI, DEL, Royal Academy of Engineering, Royal Society, European Commission and private sector. Dimitrios is a Fellow of the British Computer Society, Senior Member of the IEEE and Senior Member of the ACM. He earned a PhD (2000) in Computer Engineering and Informatics from the University of Patras.

Professor Lieber, Baruch Barry

Department of Neurosurgery

Stony Brook University

When:Nov. 6, 2015, 10:30AM

Where: E & CS Auditorium, First Floor

What:Flow Diverters to Cure Cerebral Aneurysms a Case Study - From Concept to Clinical

Email: Baruch.Lieber@stonybrookmedicine.edu

Homepage:http://neuro.stonybrookmedicine.edu/about/faculty/lieber

ABSTRACT

Ten to fifteen million Americans are estimated to harbor intracranial aneurysms (abnormal bulges of blood vessels located in the brain) that can rupture and expel blood directly into the brain space outside of the arteries causing a stroke. A flow diverter, a refined tubular mesh-like device that is inserted through a small incision in the groin area (no need for open brain surgery) and navigated through a catheter into cerebral arteries to treat brain aneurysms is delivered into the artery carrying the aneurysm. The permeability of the device is optimized such that it significantly reduces the blood flow in the aneurysm, while keeping small side branches of the artery open to supply critical brain tissue. The biocompatible device elicits a healthy scar-response from the body that lines the inner metal surface of the device with biological tissue, thus restoring the diseased arterial segment to its normal state. Refinement in the design of such devices and prediction of their long term creative effect, which usually occurs over a period of months can be significantly helped by computer modeling and simulations of the flow alteration such devices impart to the aneurysm. The evolution of these devices will be discussed from conception to their current clinical use.

Bio: Barry Lieber attended Tel-Aviv University and received a B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering in 1979. He then attended Georgia Tech and received M.Sc. in 1982 and a Ph.D. in 1985, both in Aerospace Engineering Ph.D. working with Dr. Don P. Giddens. Barry Lieber was a Postdoctoral Fellow from 1985-1987 at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech and also completed a summer fellowship at Imperial College London in 1986. In 1987 Barry Lieber joined the faculty of the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the State University of New York at Buffalo as Assistant Professor. In 1993 he was promoted to the rank of Associate Professor with tenure and in 1998 was promoted to full professor. In 1994 he became Research Professor of Neurosurgery and in 1997 he became the Director of the Center for Bioengineering at the State University of New York at Buffalo, both position he held until his departure from the university in 2001 to Join the University of Miami as professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering with a joined appointment in the Department of Radiology. In 2010 he joined the State University of New York at Stony Brook at the rank of professor in the department of Neurosurgery and also serves as program faculty in the department of Biomedical Engineering. Barry Lieber was elected as fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biomedical Engineering in 1999. He was elected as fellow of the American Society of mechanical Engineers in 2005 and served as the Chairman of the Division of Bioengineering of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 2009.

Professor Marek Behr

Chair for Computational Analysis of Technical

RWTH Aachen University

Systems, Schinkelstr. 2, 52062 Aachen, Germany

When:July 31, 2015, 10:30AM

Where: E & CS Auditorium, First Floor

What:Enhanced Surface Definition in Moving-Boundary Flow Simulation

Email: behr@cats.rwth-aachen.de

Homepage:http://www.cats.rwth-aachen.de

ABSTRACT

Moving-boundary flow simulations are an important design and analysis tool in many areas of engineering, including civil and biomedical engineering, as well as production engineering [1]. While interface-capturing offers unmatched flexibility for complex free-surface motion, the interface-tracking approach is very attractive due to its better mass conservation properties at low resolution. We focus on interface-tracking moving-boundary flow simulations based on stabilized discretizations of Navier-Stokes equations, space-time formulations on moving grids, and mesh update mechanisms based on elasticity. However, we also develop techniques that promise to increase the fidelity of the interface-capturing methods.

In order to obtain accurate and smooth shape description of the free surface, as well as accurate flow approximation on coarse meshes, the approach of NURBS-enhanced finite elements (NEFEM) [2] is being applied to various aspects of free-surface flow computations. In NEFEM, certain parts of the boundary of the computational domain are represented using non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS), therefore making it an effective technique to accurately treat curved boundaries, not only in terms of geometry representation, but also in terms of solution accuracy.

As a step in the direction of NEFEM, the benefits of a purely geometrical NURBS representation of the free-surface could already be shown [3]. The first results with a full NEFEM approach for the flow variables in the vicinity of the moving free surface have also been obtained. The applications include both production engineering, i.e., die swell in plastics processing simulation, and safety engineering, i.e., sloshing phenomena in fluid tanks subjected to external excitation.

Space-time approaches offer some not-yet-fully-exploited advantages when compared to standard discretizations (finite-difference in time and finite-element in space, using either method of Rothe or method of lines); among them, the potential to allow some degree of unstructured space-time meshing. A method for generating simplex space-time meshes is presented, allowing arbitrary temporal refinement in selected portions of space-time slabs. The method increases the flexibility of space-time discretizations, even in the absence of dedicated space-time mesh generation tools. The resulting tetrahedral (for 2D problems) and pentatope (for 3D problems) meshes are tested in the context of advection-diffusion equation, and are shown to provide reasonable solutions, while enabling varying time refinement in portions of the domain [4].

[1] S. Elgeti, M. Probst, C. Windeck, M. Behr, W. Michaeli, and C. Hopmann, "Numerical shape optimization as an approach to extrusion die design", Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 61, 35–43 (2012).

[2] R. Sevilla, S. Fernandez-Mendez and A. Huerta, "NURBS-Enhanced Finite Element Method (NEFEM)", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 76, 56–83 (2008).

[3] S. Elgeti, H. Sauerland, L. Pauli, and M. Behr, "On the Usage of NURBS as Interface Representation in Free-Surface Flows", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 69, 73–87 (2012).

[4] M. Behr, "Simplex Space-Time Meshes in Finite Element Simulations", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 57, 1421–1434, (2008).

Bio: Prof. Marek Behr obtained his Bachelor's and Ph.D. degrees in Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics form the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. After faculty appointments at the University of Minnesota and at Rice University in Houston, he was appointed in 2004 as a Professor of Mechanical Engineering and holder of the Chair for Computational Analysis of Technical Systems at the RWTH Aachen University. Since 2006, he is the Scientific Director of the Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science, focusing on inverse problems in engineering and funded in the framework of the Excellence Initiative in Germany. Behr advises or has advised over 40 doctoral students, and has published over 65 refereed journal articles and a similar number of conference publications and book chapters. Behr is one of the main developers of the stabilized space-time finite element formulation for deforming-domain flow problems, which has been recently extended to unstructured space-time meshes. He is a long-time expert on parallel computation and large-scale flow simulations and on numerical methods for non-Newtonian fluids. He is a member of several advisory and editorial boards of international journals, and the member of the executive council of the German Association for Computational Mechanics and of the general council of the International Association for Computational Mechanics.

Professor Christos Antonopoulos

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,

University of Thessaly, Greece

When:June 25, 2015, 10:30AM

Where:E & CS Auditorium, First Floor

What: Disrupting the power/performance/quality tradeoff through approximate and error-tolerant computing

Email:cda@inf.uth.gr

Homepage: http://www.inf.uth.gr/~cda

ABSTRACT

A major obstacle in the path towards exascale computing is the necessity to improve the energy efficiency of systems by two orders of magnitude. Embedded computing also faces similar challenges, in an era when traditional techniques, such as DVFS and Vdd scaling, yield very limited additional returns. Heterogeneous platforms are popular due to their power efficiency. They usually consist of a host processor and a number of accelerators (typically GPUs). They may also integrate multiple cores or processors with inherently different characteristics, or even just configured differently. Additional energy gains can be achieved for certain classes of applications by approximating computations, or in a more aggressive setting even tolerating errors. These opportunities, however, have to be exploited in a careful, educated manner, otherwise they may introduce significant development overhead and may also result to catastrophic failures or uncontrolled degradation of the quality of results. Introducing and tolerating approximations and errors in a disciplined and effective way requires rethinking, redesigning and re-engineering all layers of the system stack, from programming models down to hardware. We will present our experiences from this endeavor in the context of two research projects: Centaurus (co-funded by GR an EU) and SCoRPiO (EU FET-Open). We will also discuss our perspective on the main obstacles preventing the wider adoption of approximate and error-aware computing and the necessary steps to be taken to that end.

Bio: Christos D. Antonopoulos, is Assistant Professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Thessaly in Volos, Greece. He earned his PhD (2004), MSc (2001) and Diploma (1998) from the Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics of the University of Patras, Greece. His research interests span the areas of system and applications software for high performance computing, emphasizing on monitoring and adaptivity with performance and power/performance/quality criteria. He is the author of more than 50 refereed technical papers, and has been awarded two best-paper awards. He has been actively involved in several research projects both in the EU and in USA.

Professor Yongjie Jessica Zhang

Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering & Courtesy Appointment in Biomedical Engineering

Carnegie Mellon University

When:April 24, 2015, 10:30AM

Where:E & CS Auditorium, First Floor

What: Image-Based Mesh Generation and Volumetric Spline Modeling for Isogeometric Analysis

Email: jessicaz@andrew.cmu.edu

Homepage: http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/~jessicaz

ABSTRACT

With finite element methods and scanning technologies seeing increased use in many research areas, there is an emerging need for high-fidelity geometric modeling and mesh generation of spatially realistic domains. In this talk, I will highlight our research in three areas: image-based mesh generation for complicated domains, trivariate spline modeling for isogeometric analysis, as well as biomedical, material sciences and engineering applications. I will first present advances and challenges in image-based geometric modeling and meshing along with a comprehensive computational framework, which integrates image processing, geometric modeling, mesh generation and quality improvement with multi-scale analysis at molecular, cellular, tissue and organ scales. Different from other existing methods, the presented framework supports five unique features: high-fidelity meshing for heterogeneous domains with topology ambiguity resolved; multiscale geometric modeling for biomolecular complexes; automatic all-hexahedral mesh generation with sharp feature preservation; robust quality improvement for non-manifold meshes; and guaranteed-quality meshing. These unique capabilities enable accurate, stable, and efficient mechanics calculation for many biomedicine, materials science and engineering applications.

In the second part of this talk, I will show our latest research on volumetric spline parameterization, which contributes directly to the integration of design and analysis, the root idea of isogeometric analysis. For arbitrary topology objects, we first build a polycube whose topology is equivalent to the input geometry and it serves as the parametric domain for the following trivariate T-spline construction. Boolean operations and geometry skeleton can also be used to preserve surface features. A parametric mapping is then used to build a one-to-one correspondence between the input geometry and the polycube boundary. After that, we choose the deformed octree subdivision of the polycube as the initial T-mesh, and make it valid through pillowing, quality improvement, and applying templates or truncation mechanism couple with subdivision to handle extraordinary nodes. The parametric mapping method has been further extended to conformal solid T-spline construction with the input surface parameterization preserved and trimming curves handled.

Bio: Yongjie Jessica Zhang is an Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University with a courtesy appointment in Biomedical Engineering. She received her B.Eng. in Automotive Engineering, and M.Eng. in Engineering Mechanics, all from Tsinghua University, China, and M.Eng. in Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, and Ph.D. in Computational Engineering and Sciences from the University of Texas at Austin. Her research interests include computational geometry, mesh generation, computer graphics, visualization, finite element method, isogeometric analysis and their application in computational biomedicine, material sciences and engineering. She has co-authored over 100 publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. She is the recipient of Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, NSF CAREER Award, Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, USACM Gallagher Young Investigator Award, Clarence H. Adamson Career Faculty Fellow in Mechanical Engineering, George Tallman Ladd Research Award, and Donald L. & Rhonda Struminger Faculty Fellow.

Professor David Marcum

Billie J. Ball Professor and Chief Scientist

Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mechanical Engineering Department, Mississippi State University

When: March 20, 2015, 10:30AM

Where: E & CS Auditorium, First Floor

What: AFLR Unstructured Meshing Research Activities at CFD Modeling and Simulation Research at the Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems

Email: marcum@cavs.msstate.edu

Homepage: http://www.me.msstate.edu/faculty/marcum/marcum.html

ABSTRACT

Mesh generation and associated geometry preparation are critical aspects of any computational field simulation (CFS) process. In particular the mesh used can have a significant impact on accuracy, effectiveness, and efficiency of the CFS solver. Further, typical users spend a considerable portion of their time for the overall effort on mesh and geometry issues. All of this is particularly critical for CFD applications. AFLR is an unstructured mesh generator designed with a focus on addressing these issues for complex geometries. It is widely used, readily available to Government and Academic users, and has been very successful with relevant problems. AFLR volume and surface meshing is also directly incorporated in several systems, including: DoD CREATE-MG Capstone, Lockheed Martin/DoD ACAD, Boeing MADCAP, MSU SolidMesh, and Altair HyperMesh. In this talk we will provide an overview of this technology, future directions, and plans for multi-tasking/parallel operation.

Bio: Dr. Marcum is Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Mississippi State University (MSU) and Chief Scientist for CFD within the Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS). He has 30 years of experience in development of CFD and unstructured grid technology. Before joining MSU in 1991, Dr. Marcum was a Scientist and Senior Engineer at McDonnell Douglas Research Laboratories and Boeing Commercial Airplane Company. He received his Ph.D. from Purdue University in 1985. Prior to that he was a Senior Engineer from 1978 through 1983 at TRW Ross Gear Division. At MSU, Dr. Marcum served as Thrust Leader and Director of the NSF ERC for Computational Field Simulation. As Director, he led the transition from graduated NSF ERC to its current form as the High Performance Computing Collaboratory (HPC²). Dr. Marcum also served as Deputy Director and Director of the SimCenter (an HPC² member center and currently merged within CAVS). He is currently Chief Scientist for CFD within CAVS (also an HPC² member center). As Chief Scientist for CFD, he is directly involved in the research activities of a team of multi-disciplinary researchers working on CFD related projects for DoD, DoE, NASA, NSF, and industry. Computational tools produced by these projects at MSU within the ERC, SimCenter and CAVS, and in particular Dr. Marcum’s AFLR unstructured mesh generator, are in use throughout aerospace, automotive and DoD organizations. Dr. Marcum is widely recognized for his contributions to unstructured grid technology and is currently Honorary Professor at University of Wales, Swansea, UK and a previous Invited Professor at INRIA, Paris-Rocquencourt, France.